Lebanon: Israel must halt attacks on healthcare workers, medical facilities and first responders

Source: Amnesty International –

Responding to the killings and injuries of dozens of healthcare workers and first responders in Lebanon since 2 March 2026, amid escalating attacks by the Israeli military and its allegations – without providing evidence – that ambulances and healthcare sites are being used for military activities and may be targeted, Kristine Beckerle, Deputy Regional Director for the Middle East and North Africa at Amnesty International, said:  

“Israel is deploying the same deadly playbook it used in 2024 in Lebanon to kill dozens of health workers and devastate healthcare services. Amnesty International’s past research highlighted how the Israeli military repeatedly carried out unlawful attacks on health facilities and health workers during the 2024 escalation and we called for these to be investigated as war crimes. The Israeli military has also repeatedly and unlawfully attacked health facilities and medical teams in Gaza, as part of a broader pattern of devastating essential services. There has yet to be any accountability or redress for those violations, and now we’re seeing healthcare workers once again killed and wounded.  

Throwing out accusations claiming that healthcare facilities and ambulances are being used for military purposes without providing any evidence does not justify treating hospitals, medical facilities or medical transport as battlefields or treating doctors and paramedics as targets.

Kristine Beckerle, Deputy Regional Director for the Middle East and North Africa at Amnesty International

“Healthcare workers are risking their lives to save others, and hospitals, other medical facilities and ambulances are specifically protected under international humanitarian law. Throwing out accusations claiming that healthcare facilities and ambulances are being used for military purposes without providing any evidence does not justify treating hospitals, medical facilities or medical transport as battlefields or treating doctors and paramedics as targets. Under international humanitarian law parties to a conflict must ensure to distinguish between military objectives and civilian objects.  

“Hospitals and medical transports only lose their protection if they are used for acts that are considered ‘harmful to the enemy,’ and even then, can only be targeted after a warning that gives sufficient time for the evacuation of patients and staff goes unheeded. In cases of doubt as to whether medical facilities are being used to contribute to military activity, they should be presumed not to be so used. An attack on a medical facility that has lost its protected status must adhere to the rules on precautions, distinction and proportionality and consider carefully the adverse effects that attacking medical facilities has on civilians, the sick and wounded.  

“Under international humanitarian law, civilians, including healthcare workers, do not lose their protected status simply based on an affiliation. As such, direct attacks on medical personnel and those working in civil defence merely on the basis that they are working for institutions associated with Hezbollah are strictly prohibited. Deliberately striking medics performing their humanitarian functions is a serious violation of international humanitarian law and could constitute a war crime. 

“All parties must uphold their legal obligation to protect civilians, medical personnel, patients and healthcare infrastructure at all times. The protection of healthcare is not optional — it is a binding rule of war.” 

Greenpeace response to escalating attacks on gas fields in Middle East

Source: Greenpeace Statement –

Sydney, Thursday 19 March 2026 —  In response to escalating attacks on gas fields in the Middle East, including Israeli strikes on Iran’s giant South Pars gas field and Iranian retaliations on gas fields in Qatar and Saudi Arabia, the following lines can be attributed to Solaye Snider, Campaigner at Greenpeace Australia Pacific:

The targeting of gas fields across the Middle East is a perilous escalation that reinforces just how vulnerable our fossil-fuelled world really is.

Oil and gas have long been used as tools of power and coercion by authoritarian regimes. They cause climate chaos and environmental pollution and they drive conflict and war. The energy security of every nation still hooked on gas, including Australia, is under direct threat.

For countries that are reliant on gas imports, like Sri Lanka, Pakistan and South Korea, this crisis is just getting started. It can take months to restart a gas export facility once it is shut down, meaning the shockwaves of these strikes will be felt for a long time to come.

It is a gross and tragic injustice that while civilians are killed and lose their homes to this escalating violence, and families struggle with a tightening cost-of-living, gas giants like Woodside and Santos have seen their share prices surge on the prospect of windfall war profits. 

We must break this cycle. Transitioning to local renewable energy is the way to protect Australian households from the inherent volatility of fossil fuels like gas.

-ENDS-

Images available for download via the Greenpeace Media Library

Media contact: Lucy Keller on 0491 135 308 or [email protected]

India: Kashmiri journalist and human rights defender Irfan Mehraj held for three-years in pre-trial detention

Source: Amnesty International –

As journalist and human rights defender Irfan Mehraj marks three years in arbitrary detention tomorrow, we the undersigned civil society organizations call for his immediate and unconditional release. We continue to stand in solidarity with Irfan and his family. Our organisations also demand an end to the Indian government’s continued repression of human rights defenders and journalists in Jammu and Kashmir.

On 20 March 2023, Irfan Mehraj was detained by India’s National Investigation Agency (NIA) under provisions of the Indian Penal Code and the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA) on politically motivated and fabricated charges. According to the NIA, Irfan Mehraj was arrested for being ‘a close associate of Khurram Parvez’. Khurram Parvez is a HRD and the Program Coordinator of the Jammu Kashmir Coalition of Civil Society (JKCCS), a leading civil society organisation in Jammu and Kashmir. Indian authorities continue to arbitrarily detain Khurram Parvez for over four years now on politically motivated and fabricated charges.

The ongoing detentions of Irfan Mehraj and Khurram Parvez highlight a broader pattern of persecution of human rights defenders and journalists in Jammu and Kashmir.

The authorities have used the UAPA – a draconian anti-terror law – and the repressive Jammu and Kashmir Public Safety Act (PSA), which permits long-term detention without trial, to criminalise and silence journalists and human rights defenders in Jammu and Kashmir. This has worsened since the unilateral abrogation of Jammu and Kashmir’s statehood in August 2019.

In recent months, the police continued to harass and intimidate journalists from Indian-administered Kashmir for their reporting, including through summoning them for repeated police interrogations and demanding that journalists sign a bond undertaking that they will not do anything that would ‘disturb peace’.

The Indian government has continuously failed to respond to concerns regarding human rights violations in Kashmir raised by United Nations experts and international human rights organisations. India should respect its international human rights obligations and end its reprisal against human rights defenders and journalists, especially in Jammu and Kashmir. Other countries at the UN Human Rights Council should address these flagrant violations by a sitting member state.

Our organisations urge the Indian authorities to repeal repressive laws including the UAPA and the PSA and to create an enabling environment for civil society and the media to freely and independently operate in Jammu and Kashmir.

As India continues to work towards securing stronger multilateral and bilateral relations, we call on the international community to urge the Indian government to comply with its international human rights obligations, release Irfan Mehraj, Khurram Parvez and all other detained Kashmiri human rights defenders and end its repression in Jammu and Kashmir.

Signed by:

· Afghanistan Democracy and Development Organization

· ALTSEAN-Burma

· Amnesty International

· Asian Federation Against Involuntary Disappearances (AFAD)

· Asian Forum for Human Rights and Development (FORUM-ASIA)

· CIVICUS: World Alliance for Citizen Participation

· Civil Society and Human Rights Network (CSHRN)

· Committee to Project Journalists (CPJ)

· Community Self Reliance Centre

· Defence of Human Rights Pakistan

· Front Line Defenders

· Human Rights Commission of Pakistan

· Human Rights Foundation

· Human Rights Watch

· International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH), within the framework of the Observatory for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders

· International Service for Human Rights (ISHR)

· Kashmir Law & Justice Project

· Kazakhstan International Burau for Human Rights and Rule of Law

· KontraS (Commission for the Disappeared and Victims of Violence)

· Korean House for International Solidarity

· Law & Society Trust

· League for the Defence of Human Rights in Iran (LDDHI)

· Madaripur Legal Aid Association (MLAA)

· Maldivian Democracy Network (MDN)

· Odhikar

· Public Association “Dignity”

· Redemption Pakistan

· Refugee and Migratory Movements Research Unit (RMMRU)

· Reporters Without Borders (RSF)

· Taiwan Association for Human Rights

· Think Centre, Singapore

· WOREC

· World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT), within the framework of the Observatory for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders

Karura is saved. Again. And that is the problem

Source: Greenpeace Statement –

This is not the first time Kenyans have had to save Karura Forest, and that is exactly the problem. The government has backed off its plan to establish National Youth Service barracks inside the protected urban forest, following three weeks of community resistance, legal pressure, and public outcry that echoes battles stretching back to the 1990s, when Wangari Maathai bled for these trees. Greenpeace Africa welcomes the decision. But a retreat is not a resolution, and we will not mistake one for the other.

On 21 February, chainsaw operators entered Karura. Trees fell. Heavy machinery moved in. Structures went up. All of it happened inside a protected forest, without consultation with Friends of Karura Forest, without an Environmental Impact Assessment, and without a single agenda item at the Joint Management Committee meeting held just days before. This was not an administrative error. It was a governance failure: deliberate, documented, and part of a pattern.

A road was tarmacked inside Karura overnight. No consultation. Community co-managers went to court. The government backed down. Life moved on. Now trees have been cut and land has been cleared, and once again public pressure has forced a reversal that should never have been necessary. Kenyans should not have to save the same forest twice.

The government cannot simply walk away from this damage. Greenpeace Africa is calling for:

  • A full, independent audit of the trees felled and land cleared. KFS claimed no trees were felled, only old stumps removed. Friends of Karura documented over an acre of cleared tree and shrub cover. Someone is not telling the truth. Kenyans deserve to know which version is on the record.
  • A binding restoration plan for the affected area. The Karura Participatory Forest Management Plan already commits to removing the Rangers Village from inside the forest and returning that land to indigenous cover. Honor it. Now. Not eventually.
  • Accountability for the governance failure. Friends of Karura holds a legal co-management mandate. They were not informed. They were not consulted. This was not an oversight. It was a pattern, and without consequences, it will repeat.
  • A guarantee that what was stopped at Karura will not simply continue elsewhere. KFS has confirmed NYS barracks are being built in gazetted forests across the country, including at Ngong Hills. What the government halted under public scrutiny must not quietly proceed under silence somewhere else.

Kenya tells the world it is planting 15 billion trees. It cannot build that credibility with speeches while dismantling it in the forest at night. Climate leadership is not a summit declaration. It is the daily, unglamorous, legally-bound work of protecting what already exists, and ensuring that the communities who did that protecting are never again bypassed by the very institutions mandated to stand alongside them.

Today’s retreat is welcome. The real test begins now.

Greenpeace Africa calls on the Environment CS and KFS Chief Conservator of Forests to issue a full public statement on Karura, including a timeline for site restoration, a commitment to upholding the Joint Management Framework, and a guarantee that Environmental Impact Assessments and community consultation will precede any similar projects in gazetted forests across Kenya.

— ENDS —

For media inquiries:

Sherie Gakii, Communications and Storytelling Manager, Greenpeace Africa, [email protected]  |  +254702776749

How Is Radioactive Material Transported Safely and Securely?

Source: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) –

Anna Chtorkh, IAEA Office of Public Information and Communication

(Graphic: M.Magnaye/IAEA).

Every year, millions of shipments of radioactive material are transported by land, air and sea. These materials are crucial for medicine, industry, research, agriculture and energy production. Because radioactive material can be hazardous to people and the environment if not properly handled, its transport requires careful planning in compliance with international safety standards and security measures. 

Why Transport Radioactive Material?

Radioactive material supports many activities that improve lives around the world. Only a limited number of specialized facilities produce these materials, so safe and secure transport is essential to make their use possible anywhere they are needed. 

  • In medicine, various radioisotopes are used to diagnose and treat cancers, heart disease and bone disorders, to provide radiotherapy and to sterilize medical instruments. Regular transport of these radioactive materials to medical facilities makes up the majority of all radioactive material shipments worldwide and is essential for global healthcare.  
  • The progress of scientific research relies on the delivery of radioactive material to universities, laboratories and research institutions. Short-lived radionuclides are vital for experiments in physics, biology and environmental sciences, while gamma sources are used to study the effects of radiation on cells, tissues and industrial materials and for preserving cultural artefacts.  
  • In industrial sectors such as construction, energy, mining and manufacturing, radioactive material is essential for non-destructive testing and examination of pipelines, machinery and structural elements. 
  • Some high‑tech industries such as electronics and engineering need to transport naturally radioactive raw materials to extract useful non‑radioactive metals from them, such as titanium, niobium, tantalum and rare earth elements. 
  • For nuclear power plants to produce reliable low-carbon energy, uranium, plutonium and other radioactive materials are transported at different stages of the nuclear fuel cycle, from production to spent fuel management. Waste and decommissioned components from nuclear facilities also require transport to specialized recycling and disposal facilities. 
  • Radioisotopes are transported for use in agriculture and food safety. They are used to help improve crop yields, optimize fertilizer use and irradiate food to eliminate harmful bacteria. 

Whatever the area of application, radioactive material is transported with the strict application of safety and security measures to ensure that people and the environment are protected from harmful effects of ionizing radiation and to prevent accidents and malicious acts.

How Is Radioactive Material Transported?

What modes of transport are used for radioactive material? 

Radioactive material can be dispatched by land, water or air, depending on the availability and urgency of delivery. For each mode of transport, specific handling and containment conditions apply.  

On land, conveyances carry packages categorized by the type of radioactive material being transported.  Maritime transport is used for large international shipments, with packages securely stowed on vessels in line with maritime safety rules. Air transport is often chosen for time-sensitive deliveries, such as medical isotopes. 

Who is involved in radioactive material transport?  

Shipments of radioactive material involve close cooperation among many actors.

Consignors, carriers and consignees ensure that security arrangements for the shipment are in place to prevent unauthorized access to the radioactive material during transport. Together, these actors ensure radioactive material is transported safely and securely.

(Graphic: M. Magnaye/IAEA).

What Rules Regulate the Transport of Radioactive Material?

The transport of radioactive material follows a set of international rules that applies to all modes of transport by road, rail, sea or air. These rules define how materials must be packaged, labelled, handled and documented to protect people and the environment. 

The regulations set clear requirements for:  

  • containment to prevent leakage and contamination, 
  • shielding to limit radiation doses to transport workers and the public, 
  • resistance to heat generated by the radioactive material itself or external factors, and 
  • prevention of any nuclear chain reaction in fissile materials during transport. 

These regulations also establish requirements for package design and testing; safety measures for loading, securing and safely spacing packages during transport; as well as training and emergency preparedness for those involved. 

National authorities incorporate these global safety principles into their own laws so that wherever a shipment travels, it follows the same high standards. This consistent approach ensures that radioactive material can be transported safely and securely across borders and between different modes of transport. 

How is Safety Ensured During Shipment?

By meeting the highest standards at every step of transport operations, countries help ensure that these vital materials reach their destination safely and securely. These operations and controls include proper handling, segregation, stowage and radiation monitoring throughout loading, carriage and unloading activities.

(Photo credits: IAEA).

Safe Packaging for the Transport of Radioactive Material 

Packaging plays a central role in the safe transport of radioactive material. It is designed and rigorously tested to limit radiation exposure and prevent any release of radioactive material under normal conditions or, for some types, due to accidents such as drops, fire or immersion in water. 

Packaging design varies according to the radioactivity and type of contents, following a graded approach: stronger protection is used when the potential hazard is higher.

Package types for radioactive materials

Excepted packages are used for very small amounts of radioactive material that pose minimal risk during transport. They use safe packaging, but because the radiation levels are very low, they are exempt from some of the more detailed labelling and documentation rules that apply to higher-risk shipments. 

Examples of material transported in excepted packages: laboratory instruments, small laboratory samples, smoke detectors, small calibration sources, small sealed sources.

Industrial packages are designed to ensure appropriate levels of safety to transport low specific activity (LSA) material and surface contaminated objects (SCOs).  

LSA material is radioactive material that by its nature has low activity per unit mass: the radioactive material is distributed throughout a substance to such an extent that it poses little hazard.  

An SCO is a solid object which is not radioactive by itself but has a contaminated surface. 

Examples of material transported in industrial packages: uranium ore concentrate (yellowcake), radioactive waste.  

Type A packages are designed to safely transport radioactive material with limited radiological risk. They are engineered to ensure containment and shielding of the contents under normal transport conditions, including minor mishaps. 

Example of material transported in Type A packages: radiopharmaceuticals used in medical imaging, fresh nuclear fuel for nuclear power plants.

Type B packages are designed for the transport of higher-activity radioactive material. They are engineered to withstand severe accident conditions while ensuring safety.

Examples of material transported in Type B packages: spent nuclear fuel from nuclear reactors transported to long-term storage or reprocessing facilities, radiography gamma-ray cameras. 

Type C packages are specifically designed for air transport of very high-activity radioactive material that could cause serious radiation exposure if released in an accident. Type C packages provide the highest level of protection against accidents.

Example of material transported in Type C packages: high-activity materials (including plutonium) for medical, industrial and research applications.

Some materials, like uranium hexafluoride or fissile material (such as uranium-233, uranium-235, plutonium-239 and plutonium-241), require additional safety features because of their chemical properties (for example, if the material is also flammable or corrosive) or increased criticality risks. Unlike most radioactive materials, certain fissile materials can become critical and sustain a nuclear chain reaction if they are present in the wrong amount or configuration. Because of this increased chain reaction risk, additional precautions through design and operational control are required to ensure that such conditions cannot occur during transport.  

Read more about uranium here.

How is the Security of Radioactive Material Ensured During Transport?

While safety measures focus on preventing accidents and radiation exposure, security measures during transport protect radioactive material against unauthorized access and malicious acts such as theft or sabotage. 

Transport security arrangements also follow a graded approach: they are based on the level of risk and take into account the quantity and physical and chemical properties of the radioactive material, its packaging and the mode of transport. Security measures aim to detect potential threats in a timely manner, to hinder malicious acts by creating obstacles, and to prepare security officers to respond effectively to neutralize the threat and mitigate the damage. 

Security arrangements may include route planning, secure storage during stops, background checks for personnel, communication protocols and real-time tracking of shipments. Security also relies on cooperation among transport operators, national authorities and border agencies. Security measures work alongside safety measures to ensure that radioactive material is protected at all times during transport. 

(Graphic: M. Magnaye/IAEA).

What if Something Goes Wrong During the Transport of Radioactive Material?

Although accidents involving the transport of radioactive material are very rare, emergency preparedness and response are crucial. Measures are in place so that, even in an unexpected situation, people and the environment remain protected. 

Being prepared 

Before any shipment of radioactive material is transported, emergency plans are developed based on the level of risk. These plans follow a graded approach, meaning that the level of preparation matches the potential hazard. Consignors and carriers must have emergency arrangements in place, and regular training, drills and exercises are carried out to make sure that everyone involved knows what to do in case of an incident. 

Working together 

Effective emergency response depends on coordination. Consignors, carriers, local response services and national authorities work together in clearly defined roles under national emergency arrangements. Communication and decision-making follow an organized system so that actions are carried out quickly and safely across different regions and transport modes. 

 Responding to an incident  

If an incident occurs during the transport of radioactive material, the emergency response focuses on taking quick action to protect people and the environment. The first step is to manage any radiological hazards by checking radiation levels, preventing the spread of contamination and securing damaged packages. Response actions are based on clear indicators, such as increased radiation levels or visible package damage. Trained radiation specialists are available as part of emergency arrangements to provide guidance and support the safe and secure recovery of the material. 

Strong IAEA safety standards and security guidance plus effective international cooperation enable radioactive material to be transported worldwide to support medicine, research, industry and energy — while keeping people and the environment safe. 

What is the role of the IAEA?

  • The IAEA develops and updates safety standards and nuclear security guidance and helps countries design and implement a robust national nuclear safety and security regime for the transport of radioactive material.  
  • Since 1961, the IAEA has established and maintains Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material. These regulations have been adopted globally, applicable to all modes of transport. 
  • The IAEA provides countries, institutional and industrial stakeholders and the general public with information and a platform for discussion on issues related to radioactive material transport, for example at the International Conference on the Safe and Secure Transport of Nuclear and Radioactive Material in March 2026. 
  • The IAEA provides courses and training on safe and secure transport of radioactive material on its e-learning platform.  
  • The IAEA’s Incident and Emergency Centre is the global focal point for international emergency preparedness, communication and response to nuclear and radiological incidents and emergencies.  
  • The IAEA assists in resolving transport challenges, including cases where shipment of radioactive material is delayed or denied due to regulatory complexity, radiation concerns, knowledge gaps, societal pressures or logistical constraints. 
  • The IAEA promotes cooperation and regulatory harmonization, provides training and builds national capacity. The IAEA also maintains an updated list of National Focal Points and Competent Authorities

Related News

Related resources

Norway: Release human rights defender Tommy Olsen and reject his extradition to Greece

Source: Amnesty International –

Responding to the arrest in Norway of humanitarian worker and founder of the NGO Aegean Boat Report, Tommy Olsen, who is being prosecuted in Greece alongside fellow human rights defender Panayote Dimitras, of the NGO Greek Helsinki Monitor, on charges related to their work defending the rights of refugees and migrants, Dinushika Dissanayake Amnesty International’s Deputy Regional Director for Europe said:

“Tommy Olsen’s arrest in Norway is appalling and stems from an alarming escalation of Greece’s crackdown on human rights defenders. Based on information available to Amnesty International, Tommy Olsen and Panayote Dimitras are being prosecuted for their human rights work documenting serious human rights violations committed by the Greek authorities, including pushbacks at sea and land borders.   

“The charges against Olsen and Dimitras are not backed by evidence and are a misuse of anti-smuggling legislation. They should be dropped.  In the absence of any credible efforts from the Greek authorities to stop pushing back refugees and migrants and ensure accountability at its borders, Olsen and Dimitras’s work has proven vital in ensuring that these violations do not go unnoticed.

“It is no surprise that the Greek authorities are seeking Olsen’s extradition. These are the same authorities that pursued an unfounded prosecution against Seán Binder and 23 human rights defenders, leading to seven years of agonizing legal uncertainty. Greece should stop harassing people who report and document violations of refugee and migrants’ rights.

“The Norwegian authorities must immediately release Tommy Olsen and resist attempts by the Greek authorities to extradite him. If he is extradited to Greece, he is likely to be held in pre-trial detention for up to 18 months on baseless criminal charges. Accepting the Greek authorities’ request for extradition is tantamount to accepting that human rights work can be criminalized.” 

Background

Tommy Olsen, a Norwegian national, started Aegean Boat Report as a Facebook page in 2017 sharing information on new arrivals to Greece and cases of distress. It has been an NGO since 2018.

On 11 February, Olsen was informed by the Norwegian authorities of the European arrest warrant issued against him. The warrant follows an investigation opened by the Greek authorities in 2022 against Olsen and Dimitras, on charges including forming and joining a criminal organization, smuggling and facilitation of irregular entry and residence.

In 2020, Amnesty International documented how Greek authorities have misused smuggling charges against human rights defenders. Greek law is inconsistent with the international law definition of smuggling and does not sufficiently protect human rights defenders, rescue workers and others acting with humanitarian aims from punishment or prosecution.

Austria: Crackdown on Palestinian solidarity has triggered significant chilling effect

Source: Amnesty International –

Austrian authorities’ responses to people expressing solidarity with Palestinians during Israel’s ongoing genocide against Palestinians in Gaza have resulted in a chilling effect on the right to freedom of expression, said Amnesty International in a new report. Their actions have also resulted in violations of the rights of freedom of expression and peaceful assembly.

‘Freedom of expression is highly selective’: Austria limits expressions of solidarity with Palestinians identifies multiple factors – including undue restrictions on expression, and fear caused by broad allegations of antisemitism against the backdrop of racism, including Islamophobia – that have combined to negatively impact the freedom of expression in Austria for Palestinian solidarity among activists, NGOs, academic institutions and beyond.

In Austria, as in other parts of Europe, there is a risk that antisemitism is being instrumentalized and politicized. 

Shoura Hashemi, Executive Director of Amnesty International Austria

“A significant chilling effect has taken hold and has seriously impacted people’s ability and willingness to express solidarity with the Palestinian people or criticize the actions of the Israeli government in Gaza,” said Shoura Hashemi, Executive Director of Amnesty International Austria.  

“In Austria, as in other parts of Europe, there is a risk that antisemitism is being instrumentalized and politicized. Equating criticism of the Israeli state with antisemitism can result in violations of freedom of expression and shrinking space for critical civil society, and also undermines efforts to combat genuine antisemitism.”     

The report, which included 19 interviews with activists, journalists, NGO representatives and academics, noted how many of these individuals and civil society organizations risked being branded “antisemitic” when they criticized Israel’s violations of international law.   

While anti-Muslim racism has been a long-standing concern in Austria, governmental sources and civil society organizations report that, after October 2023, racist incidents have increased across the country, particularly anti-Palestinian racism. An Austrian-Palestinian person described the shift after October 2023, saying: “There was a huge change with 7 October [2023]…I always have a sense that I have to justify myself when someone talks to me.” Despite recommendations by UN experts, Austria has not established a national action plan to combat racism, including anti-Muslim racism.

Crackdown on protest  

Since the start of Israel’s ongoing genocide against Palestinians in Gaza, people in Austria who peacefully protested against the genocide have faced multiple challenges and serious restrictions on their rights to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly.   

For instance, the authorities have imposed unlawful restrictions on the right to peaceful assembly in connection with the widely used chant From the river to the sea, Palestine will be free’, and police authorities prohibited at least seven assemblies in Vienna on the grounds that this chant was likely to be used. Furthermore, the chant is subject to a non-public decree issued by the Ministry of Justice. According to the ministry, use of the chant is enough to warrant an initial suspicion of “approval of terrorist offences” and anyone using it could be liable for investigation. Although the chant is used by different groups and has various meanings, the National Strategy against Antisemitism equates the chant with the call to deny the existence of the State of Israel. 

Under international human rights law, any restrictions on the rights to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly must comply with certain criteria, including be provided in a law that is accessible to the public and sufficiently clear and precise. Prohibitions of speech also require demonstrating that it reaches a high threshold and constitutes incitement to discrimination, hostility or violence against a target group. 

Over several years, there have been a number of non-binding resolutions passed by the Austrian National Council, as well as the city councils of Vienna and Graz, against the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) movement, some of which have labelled it as antisemitic. However, the European Court of Human Rights has found that a call for a boycott is protected under the right to freedom of expression.   

Although not legally binding, these resolutions are supported by all political parties in parliament and are widely interpreted as authoritative guidance. By labelling BDS antisemitic, the resolutions have negatively impacted the right to freedom of expression, as activists and civil society organizations told Amnesty International that they fear court proceedings, smear campaigns or loss of state funding if they express their support for the BDS movement.    

The instrumentalization of the IHRA working definition of antisemitism  

The International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance Working Definition of Antisemitism (IHRA WDA) is not consistent with international human rights law and has been used to restrict legitimate criticism of Israeli government violations of Palestinians’ rights.  

The IHRA WDA has been criticised by UN experts, academics and civil society groups, including Amnesty International, for not being consistent with international human rights law. Amongst other concerns, reliance on the IHRA WDA conflates legitimate criticism of Israel with antisemitism. This risks creating a chilling effect and suppressing freedom of expression and peaceful assembly. There is a danger that it also limits Austria’s policies and efforts to combat antisemitism within the country.  

Although the definition is not legally binding in Austria, it has a significant influence on policy and practice. It is, for example, the applicable understanding of antisemitism in several governmental documents, including policies to address antisemitism in the country. 

Seven of the people interviewed by Amnesty International, including Jewish activists, explicitly identified Austria’s adoption of the IHRA WDA as part of the reason why expressions of solidarity with Palestinians were limited.  

“The fight against antisemitism is essential and must be in line with international human rights law. Only then can there be a shared understanding of the problem, its causes, and effective measures to eliminate it. If not, we risk replacing discrimination against one group with discrimination against another, and fuelling hatred instead of addressing it,” said Shoura Hashemi.  

Shrinking space for expression of solidarity with Palestinians 

The report highlights a shrinking space for expression of solidarity with Palestinians among civil society organizations and academics. Two civil society organizations told Amnesty International that they feared losing state funding if they spoke out against human rights violations committed by Israeli authorities against Palestinians. There have also been several cases of politicians publicly questioning the eligibility of NGOs for state funding as a result of positions that they have taken.    

Equating criticism of the Israeli state with antisemitism can result in violations of freedom of expression.

Shoura Hashemi

“Austrian authorities must adopt a national action plan against racism and end the dissemination of the IHRA WDA through policies and practices.  The decree regulating the ‘From the river to the sea’ chant must be repealed and any restrictions on the right to freedom of expression must comply with international human rights law. Austrian authorities must respect and protect the right to advocate for BDS as legitimate forms of political expression,” said Shoura Hashemi.

Background 

In April 2023, Amnesty International was one of more than 100 organizations calling on the United Nations not to endorse or adopt the IHRA WDA.  

Greenpeace challenges misleading gas lobby war profits claims, as ‘warflation’ reality hits households

Source: Greenpeace Statement –

SYDNEY, Wednesday 18 March 2026 — Greenpeace Australia Pacific has slammed gas corporations and lobby groups including Australian Energy Producers (AEP) for exploiting the illegal war on Iran to price gouge, profiteer and push for new gas projects, while Australian households pay the price with soaring bills and rising ‘warflation’.

Greenpeace has challenged misleading claims by lobby group AEP that gas corporations will not reap windfall war profits from long term gas contracts — an assertion that selectively ignores the fact most Gas exports are on contracts that automatically see prices move with Asian and global benchmarks, not with their real costs.

Almost all long‑term gas export deals the ACCC examined last year are tied to international price indices instead of fixed prices, and in key Asian markets around two‑thirds or more of long-term LNG volumes are still oil‑linked, with most of the rest tied to gas benchmarks. In the East Coast domestic market nearly half (48%) of the gas volume contracted for 2027 is also ‘commodity‑linked’, meaning it will rise and fall with those same Asian benchmark prices that are now spiking because of the war on Iran, instead of staying at a stable agreed price.

AEP members not only include fossil fuel giants like Woodside, Shell, Santos, and Exxon-Mobil, but also major Australian organisations like UNSW, Curtin University, ANZ, PwC, EY, Deloitte and KPMG. Greenpeace Australia Pacific considers these corporations complicit in AEP’s lobbying.

Joe Rafalowicz, Head of Climate and Energy at Greenpeace Australia Pacific, said:It is disturbing to see the gas lobby exploit the illegal war on Iran to peddle its propaganda and to push for more gas, when the fastest path to lower household bills and energy security is to break free from fossil fuel chokehold as quickly as possible.

The only “misleading and opportunistic” calls here are attempts by AEP to block recent proposals to tax gas war profits, which could provide much needed relief for Australian households bearing the brunt of warflation, and fund the rollout of clean, secure and stable wind and solar energy. 

Big Gas sees conflict as a business opportunity — cynically using the illegal war on Iran to push for gas extraction, when we already have more than enough gas to transition to renewable energy.

Our reliance on fossil fuels leaves us overexposed to the whims of tyrants like Trump, gas corporations and lobbyists, seeking to profit while everyday people pay the price. 

The fastest path towards long term energy security and a safe climate is to unhook from volatile, expensive, polluting gas and accelerate the shift to homegrown wind and solar energy.

-ENDS-

Images available for download via the Greenpeace Media Library

Media contact: 

Lucy Keller on 0491 135 308 or [email protected]

New Woodside CEO Liz Westcott must “steer Woodside away from path of destruction” says Greenpeace CEO 

Source: Greenpeace Statement –

Following the appointment of Liz Westcott as Woodside’s new Chief Executive, the following comments can be attributed to David Ritter, Chief Executive of Greenpeace Australia Pacific:

“Incoming Woodside CEO Liz Westcott has a unique opportunity to steer Woodside away from the path of climate, environmental and economic destruction set by her predecessor Meg O’Neill, and position Woodside as a true ally to Australia’s clean energy future instead. 

“One of Liz Westcott’s first orders of business should be to put an end to the most controversial, ill-advised fossil fuel projects in Australia’s history: drilling the Browse basin at Scott Reef for gas, to export overseas.

“More than half a million Australians have called for Woodside to call off this incredibly destructive project. Liz Westcott should not ignore them.

“Scott Reef is Australia’s largest freestanding oceanic reef, home to endangered species such as green sea turtles, pygmy blue whales, and dusky sea snakes. Liz Westcott must abandon Woodside’s plans to industrialise this pristine, precious ecosystem. 

“Woodside’s current plans leave the company exposed to major reputational, social and economic risks, not to mention the immense climate and environmental harm they perpetuate. By leading a pivot away to genuine, proven clean energy solutions, Liz Westcott can position Woodside as a constructive, socially responsible player in Australia’s clean energy transition. 

“The commitment Greenpeace Australia Pacific expressed in 2023 to Woodside to engage in constructive talks still stands. My door is open to meet with Liz Westcott and her team at any time.”

-ENDS-

Notes: 

  • During Woodside’s 2023 AGM, former Woodside CEO Meg O’Neill and Woodside Chair Richard Goyder invited David Ritter for a meeting. Despite Greenpeace accepting the offer, there has yet to be any meeting.
  • Photos and videos can be found here.

For more information or interviews contact Vai Shah on [email protected] or +61 452 290 082

Algeria: Authorities must reverse closure of SOS Disappeared and uphold civil society’s demands for truth and justice  

Source: Amnesty International –

In response to the Algerian police sealing the Algiers office of SOS Disappeared, a human rights organization advocating for accountability for the thousands forcibly disappeared in the 1990s conflict, on 16 March 2026, Diana Eltahawy, Deputy Regional Director for the Middle East and North Africa at Amnesty International said: 

“The forced closure of SOS Disappeared is a devastating blow to the fight for truth, justice and reparations in Algeria. By sealing the offices of the main organization advocating for accountability for enforced disappearances -an ongoing crime under international law-  Algerian authorities are once again using the draconian Law 12-06 to stifle human rights work. While the Algerian authorities have tolerated the presence of SOS Disappeared in Algiers for over two decades, since 2024 they intensified their crackdown on the organization. 

The forced closure of SOS Disappeared is a devastating blow to the fight for truth, justice and reparations in Algeria.

Diana Eltahawy, MENA Deputy Regional Director

 “Under international law, the right to freedom of association protects both registered and unregistered groups, and no association should be sanctioned or shuttered for operating without formal recognition, especially one that provides the only glimmer of hope for families seeking answers and accountability for the thousands who vanished after being taken by security forces or militias during the 1990s internal armed conflict. The authorities must immediately reverse this decision and end the climate of blanket impunity that has left relatives in mental anguish and distress.” 

Background

SOS Disappeared was established in 2001 in Algiers as a branch of the Committee for the Families of the Disappeared in Algeria (CFDA), an association founded in France in 1999 by mothers seeking justice for their loved ones who were subjected to enforced disappearance during Algeria’s internal armed conflict in the 1990s. The failure to provide accountability for the thousands of people forcibly disappeared during the conflict is an enduring and agonizing legacy of the conflict. 

As one of the main organizations advocating for truth and justice regarding the internal armed conflict, SOS Disappeared has faced persistent legal hurdles, with Algerian authorities denying their registration since their operations began. The current closure, ordered by the governorate of Algiers on 12 March 2026 on the grounds that it was unregistered. It follows two incidents in 2024 where police prevented them from organizing events at their premises. In May 2025, the organization’s website became inaccessible in Algeria. In July 2025, police arbitrarily denied the organization’s founder and president Nassera Dutour entry to Algeria 

The use of Law 12-06 to close the association’s office violates international human rights law and standards, which provide that an association does not require formal registration to be protected. Instead of forcibly closing the office of SOS Disappeared, the Algerian authorities should uphold freedom of association and create a safe and enabling environment for NGOs.